低粘度船舶燃料淨化裝置

燃油費用佔航行中的大部分運營成本。低粘度船舶燃料最常被用於中、高速柴油機廠。它類似於汽車柴油燃料，但也有一些區別：

• 十六烷值較低。
• 硫含量較高。
• 粘度較高。

到目前為止，低粘度船舶燃料的使用沒有面臨任何限制；然而，近年來緊收的環境保護法迫使河川和海洋船隊改用低硫含量的燃料。這種燃料的價格非常高，為了節省開支，使用便宜的船舶燃料，需要首先通過減少環境中不需要的雜質（包括硫）的含量來生產製造。

低粘度船舶燃料的生產方法

過濾、重力誘導和離心淨化被用於低粘度船用燃料的初步製程方。這些方法更側重於去除燃料中的機械雜質和水，但對對環境更有害的雜質的含量消除影響不大。為了解決這一任務，最好使用吸附劑對低粘度船用燃料進行淨化和澄清。

在CMM-6RL裝置中進行低粘度船舶燃料再生

以吸附劑為基礎的低粘度船舶燃料淨化是可在GlobeCore的CMM-6RL裝置中實現的。該裝置由6個填充有天然吸附劑的再生圓柱所組成。
燃料被輸送泵送通過這些再生圓柱中，吸附劑捕捉有害的雜質，並由於其有效的吸附能力而將其保留在其顆粒中。在該裝置的出口處，我們得到澄清的低粘度船舶燃料，其硫含量降低，完全可以用於船用柴油發動機廠，並符合現行的環境法規。

CMM-6RL裝置的操作特點

吸附法淨化燃料油的缺點包括需要儲存和處理使用過的吸附劑。 GlobeCore設備不存在這個問題，因為吸附劑的特性是通過燃燒來回收的，不重再生圓柱中取出吸附劑的情況下進行重新活化。在重新活化和冷卻之後，吸附劑可以重新用於低粘度船舶燃料的淨化和澄清。

操作週期的持續時間和耗電量

1. 油再生（持續時間-6 h，消耗功率-1.5 kW/h）。
2. 吸附劑的重新活化：

• 準備工作（持續時間-1 h，消耗功率-6.25 kW/h）。
• 吸附劑點燃（持續時間-1 h，消耗功率-17.5 kW/h）。
• 吸附劑燃燒（持續時間-15 h，消耗功率-25.5 kW/h）。
• 填充（持續時間-0.5 h，消耗功率-6.5 kW/h）。

優勢

• 操作方便。該裝置通過雙扣式快速接頭快速連接到清潔和骯髒的油槽；油的淨化過程通過玻璃視窗進行可看見的監控；在再生圓柱的底部有一個服務艙口，用於維護和清洗。
• 該裝置可以在自動模式下運轉。選擇所需的操作模式，通過顯示單元助記符號的觸控螢幕來控制轉動裝置。為了啟用控制按鈕，操作員只需觸摸它們。
• 吸附劑無需從裝置中取出即可回收，冷卻後可立即用於下一個再生循環。在最後一次的活化結束時，吸附劑可以作為建築骨料或在農業中用來鬆動緊實的土壤。
• 在設備運轉過程中，不會出現向環境中排放有害氣體的情況。該裝置配備了一個用於中和燃燒產物的雙級系統，該系統由一個碳過濾器和一個催化轉化器組成。

* – in order to obtain the best result of dark heating fuel polishing, it is recommended to first remove mechanical impurities by means of CMM-4.0F unit and water — by means of CMM-1.0CF unit.

Fuel expenses account for the majority of operating costs in navigation. Low-viscosity marine fuel is most often used in medium- and high-speed diesel engine plants. It resembles automotive diesel fuel, but has some differences:

• lower cetane number;
• higher sulfur content;
• higher viscosity.

Thus far, the use of low-viscosity marine fuel has faced no restrictions; however, tightened environmental laws compel river and marine fleets to switch to fuels with a low sulfur content. The price of such fuels is very high and in order to save money, cheaper marine fuels are used and require to be first prepared by reducing the content of environmentally unwanted impurities, including sulfur.

Methods for preparation of low-viscosity marine fuel

Filtration, gravity-induced and centrifugal purification are used in preliminary preparation of low-viscosity marine fuel. These methods are focused rather on removal of mechanical impurities and water from the fuel, but have little effect on the content of impurities that are more harmful to the environment.

In order to address this task, it is advisable to use purification and clarification of low-viscosity marine fuel by means of adsorbents.

Low-viscosity marine fuel polishing in CMM-6RL unit

Adsorbent-based low-viscosity marine fuels polishing are implemented in CMM-6RL unit from GlobeCore. This unit consists of 6 columns filled with natural adsorbent.

The fuel is pumped through the columns, and the adsorbent captures harmful impurities and retains them in its granules due to its well-developed absorptive abilities. At the outlet of the unit, we obtain clarified low-viscosity marine fuel with a reduced sulfur content which will be completely ready for use in marine diesel engine plants and which is compliant with environmental law regulations.

Operation features of CMM-6RL unit

The disadvantages of the adsorptive method for purification of oils and fuels include the need to stockpile and dispose of the used adsorbent. GlobeCore equipment does not have this problem, because the properties of the adsorbent are reclaimed by burning it without removing from the columns. After reactivation and cooling, the adsorbent can be reused for purification and clarification of low-viscosity marine fuel.

Duration of operating cycles and power consumption

CMM-6RL unit for purification and clarification of low-viscosity marine fuels sequentially operates in the following modes:

1. Fuel polishing (duration — 6 h, power consumption — 1.5 kW/h);
2. Adsorbent reactivation:

• preparation (duration — 1 h, power consumption — 6.25 kW/h);
• adsorbent ignition (duration — 1 h, power consumption — 17.5 kW/h);
• adsorbent combustion (duration — 15 h, power consumption — 25.5 kW/h);
• refilling (duration — 0.5 h, power consumption — 6.5 kW/h).

Advantages

• Convenience of operation. The unit is quickly connected to tanks for clean and dirty oil through camlock quick couplings; the oil purification process is visually monitored by means of sight glasses; a service hatch is provided at the bottom of the columns for their maintenance and cleaning.
• The unit can operate in automatic mode. The required operating mode is selected, and the actuators are controlled from the touch panel which displays a mnemonic diagram of the unit. In order to enable the control buttons, the operator just needs to touch them.
• The adsorbent is reclaimed without being removed from the unit and can be used for the next regeneration cycle immediately after cooling. At the end of the last reactivation, the adsorbent can be used as a construction aggregate or in agriculture to loosen compact soils.
• There occur no harmful emissions into the environment during the unit operation. The unit is equipped with a two-stage system for neutralization of combustion products which consists of a carbon filter and a catalytic converter.

* – in order to obtain the best result of dark heating fuel polishing, it is recommended to first remove mechanical impurities by means of CMM-4.0F unit and water — by means of CMM-1.0CF unit.